The relational model is injective for Multiplicative Exponential Linear Logic

We prove a completeness result for Multiplicative Exponential Linear Logic (MELL): we show that the relational model is injective for MELL proof-nets, i.e. the equality between MELL proof-nets in the relational model is exactly axiomatized by cut-elimination.Comment: 33 page

Taylor expansion in linear logic is invertible

Each Multiplicative Exponential Linear Logic (MELL) proof-net can be expanded into a differential net, which is its Taylor expansion. We prove that two different MELL proof-nets have two different Taylor expansions. As a corollary, we prove a completeness result for MELL: We show that the relational model is injective for MELL proof-nets, i.e. the equality between MELL proof-nets in the relational model is exactly axiomatized by cut-elimination

Patterns of competition and strategic groups in the special cheese industry in Brazil

The aim of this study is to identify the competition pattern in the Brazilian special cheese industry, and the strategic groups of this market. Based mainly on the Industrial Organization Theory, a qualitative study was conducted, supported by primary and secondary data. The primary data were obtained through interviews with six managers of Brazilian special cheese companies, and the secondary data were obtained from websites, company documents and specialized publications. The results point to the increasing importance of the price variable, related to market growth in recent years, which attracted companies with more effective production and logistics structures. Based on the characteristics and strategies of companies, four strategic groups were identified: a) medium sized companies with large market penetration; b) small companies focused on the special cheese market and located in traditional production regions of Minas Gerais State; c) single-product companies, with high levels of vertical integration; and d) transnational companies that produce special cheese in several countries.Fine cheese, industrial organization, strategic groups, Agribusiness, Agricultural Finance, Industrial Organization,

A semantic account of strong normalization in Linear Logic

We prove that given two cut free nets of linear logic, by means of their relational interpretations one can: 1) first determine whether or not the net obtained by cutting the two nets is strongly normalizable 2) then (in case it is strongly normalizable) compute the maximal length of the reduction sequences starting from that net.Comment: 41 page

The relational model is injective for Multiplicative Exponential Linear Logic (without weakenings)

We show that for Multiplicative Exponential Linear Logic (without weakenings) the syntactical equivalence relation on proofs induced by cut-elimination coincides with the semantic equivalence relation on proofs induced by the multiset based relational model: one says that the interpretation in the model (or the semantics) is injective. We actually prove a stronger result: two cut-free proofs of the full multiplicative and exponential fragment of linear logic whose interpretations coincide in the multiset based relational model are the same "up to the connections between the doors of exponential boxes".Comment: 36 page

Lepton-Flavor Violation with Non-universal Soft Terms

We study the lepton-flavor violation processes tau ->mu gamma and mu->e gamma in two different examples of models with non-universal soft breaking terms derived from strings. We show that the predictions are quite different from those of universal scenarios. Non-universal A-terms provide an interesting framework to enhance the supersymmetric contributions to CP violation effects. We observe that in the case of the lepton-flavor violation we study, the non-universality of the scalar masses enhances the branching ratios more significantly than the non-universality of the A-terms. We find that the current experimental bounds on these processes restrict both the parameter space of the models and the texture of the Yukawa couplings which predicts the lepton masses, providing at the same time an interesting experimental test for physics beyond the Standard Model.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures minor change

No country for young people

I was with an Irish friend in a pub in Dublin waiting for a Champions League match to start when somehow we ended talking about siblings. He has three and he was surprised when I told him that it was a lot. I asked him if that was standard in Irish families and he said that it is quite common. Half-way through my pint, I did a quick mental scan through a few of my closest friends’ families back home in Portugal. Most of us – including myself – only have one sibling. I couldn’t remember many cases of families with three kids. In fact, I reached the conclusion that I know many more only children than people coming from families with three kids or more

Reforço estrutural de uma edificação pombalina: acompanhamento em obra

Este trabalho Final de Mestrado consiste na elaboração de um relatório de estágio que reportará o acompanhamento por parte do discente de um reforço estrutural de uma edificação pombalina. Desta forma são definidas as principais características construtivas destas edificações, fazendo um enquadramento histórico-cultural e urbanístico do edifício alvo deste trabalho. Uma vez estudado um tipo de construção especial, são mencionados diversos sistemas e metodologias de reforço que se adequam às características singulares destas construções, ilustrando-se procedimentos e técnicas que normalmente são utilizadas na reabilitação. Procedeu-se ao relato dos trabalhos executados na obra, desde a demolição dos elementos degradados e dissonantes com esta tipologia construtiva, a um estudo mais pormenorizado ao solo de fundação encontrado na zona da edificação e soluções de fundação adoptadas. São descritas neste trabalho quais as medidas adoptadas no reforço da estrutura da edificação, evidenciando os procedimentos e técnicas aplicadas pela empresa. No final deste trabalho, foi efectuada uma modelação do edifício da Rua do Carmo num software de análise estrutural SAP 2000, com o objectivo de modelar de forma aproximada a real geometria do edifício e, através da introdução das variadas acções actuantes na estrutura, fazer determinadas considerações do comportamento da mesma face às solicitações impostas. Pretendeu-se ainda estabelecer uma relação entres os resultados obtidos e as técnicas de reforço utilizadas na reabilitação destes edifícios.This Final Master’s Degree work consists in the monitoring of the structural reinforcement of a Pombalino building, by the student who is doing an internship in a construction contractor. Thus are defined the main constructive characteristics of these types of buildings, where the framework of the historical-cultural and urban aspects are established. Various systems and methodology of reinforcement are illustrated which are more suitable for the stated structures, commonly used in building refurbishment. Once the bibliographical study was accomplished, the report of the work performed on site started. The demolition carried out, a detailed study of the foundation soil and the adopted solution for the foundations, are topics covered in this work. Moreover, in this paper, the measures taken to strengthen the building structures used by the contractor are described through a critical review and founded analysis. In this work, it was carried out a modeling of the studied building using a structural analysis software, SAP 2000. The aim of this modeling was to achieve an approximate geometry of the real building and through the introduction of variousactions, make certain considerations of the behavior of the same face to the demandsimposed. It was still intended to establish a relationship between the results obtained and the reinforcement techniques used in the rehabilitation of these buildings